Kata Kunci
water
nanoparticle
sustainability
Gaza
Cara Mengutip
Abstrak
Climate change has become one of the greatest threats to the sustainability of natural resources in many regions around the world, including Gaza. Situated in the arid Middle East, Gaza faces critical water scarcity, worsened by climate change through extreme weather, reduced rainfall, rising temperatures, and infrastructure damage from conflict. This article examines the impact of climate change on Gaza's water crisis and explores how nanoparticle technology could offer an innovative solution to improve water quality and sustainability. By reviewing studies and case examples, it highlights the potential of nanoparticles in water filtration and purification, as well as the challenges of implementing this technology in Gaza. In addition, this study also presents economic solutions and integrated strategies in the context of the water resources crisis in Gaza.
Referensi
Action Against Hunger USA (2024) More than Half of Gaza’s Cropland Has Been Damaged by Conflict, reliefweb. Available at: https://reliefweb.int/report/occupied-palestinian-territory/more-half-gazas-cropland-has-been-damaged-conflict (Accessed: January 20, 2025).
Ahmed, T., Zounemat-Kermani, M. and Scholz, M. (2020) “Climate Change, Water Quality and Water-Related Challenges: A Review with Focus on Pakistan,” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(22), pp. 1–22. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17228518.
Al-Mamun, M.R. et al. (2021) “Photocatalytic performance assessment of GO and Ag co-synthesized TiO2 nanocomposite for the removal of methyl orange dye under solar irradiation,” Environmental Technology & Innovation, 22, p. 101537. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2021.101537.
Alkhadra, M.A. et al. (2022) “Electrochemical Methods for Water Purification, Ion Separations, and Energy Conversion,” Chemical Reviews, 122(16), pp. 13547–13635. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00396.
American Near East Refugee Aid (2023) Gaza’s Water Crisis Puts Thousands at Risk of Preventable Death, reliefweb. Available at: https://reliefweb.int/report/occupied-palestinian-territory/gazas-water-crisis-puts-thousands-risk-preventable-death (Accessed: January 20, 2025).
Aruna, V. et al. (2023) “Chapter 8 - Metal-based nanosystems and the evaluation of their antimicrobial activity,” in C.M. Hussain, K.V. Anand, and S.B.T.-A.N. Mallakpour (eds.) Antimicrobial Nanosystems: Fabrication and Development. Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp. 149–190. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-91156-6.00009-9.
Ayele, Y.A. (2014) Rainwater Harvesting for Climate Change Adaptation in Ethiopia: Policy and Institutional Analysis. Chiba: Institute of Developing Economies.
Ball, S. (2021) Water from air: Israeli firm helps bring drinking water to Gaza, France 24. Available at: https://www.france24.com/en/middle-east/20210105-water-from-air-israeli-firm-helps-bring-drinking-water-to-gaza (Accessed: January 20, 2025).
Bundschuh, J. et al. (2021) “State-of-the-art of renewable energy sources used in water desalination: Present and future prospects,” Desalination, 508, p. 115035. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2021.115035.
Dalloul, A. (2016) “Water Situation Alarming in Gaza.” World Bank Group. Available at: https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2016/11/22/water-situation-alarming-in-gaza.
Gajbhiye, T.S. et al. (2024) “Role of nanomaterials on solar desalination systems: A review,” Materials Today: Proceedings, 100, pp. 37–44. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2023.04.532.
Khan, Y. et al. (2022) “Classification, Synthetic, and Characterization Approaches to Nanoparticles, and Their Applications in Various Fields of Nanotechnology: A Review,” Catalysts. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12111386.
Kim, K. et al. (2016) “Development of a Desalination Membrane Bioinspired by Mangrove Roots for Spontaneous Filtration of Sodium Ions,” ACS Nano, 10(12), pp. 11428–11433. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.6b07001.
Mirsasaani, S.S. et al. (2019) “Chapter 2 - Nanotechnology and nanobiomaterials in dentistry,” in K. Subramani and W.B.T.-N. in C.D. (Second E. Ahmed (eds.) Micro and Nano Technologies. Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp. 19–37. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-815886-9.00002-4.
Moneer, A.A. and Elewa, M.M. (2024) “The innovative technologies for desalination and their cost benefits,” Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research, 50(4), pp. 431–446. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejar.2024.11.008.
Noui, A. and Guesbaya, Z. (2025) “Water Resource Crisis in the Gaza Strip: The Impact of Groundwater and Surface Water Challenges Before and After the October 2023 Conflict,” International Journal of Middle Eastern Research, 4(1), pp. 1–15. Available at: https://al-kindipublisher.com/index.php/ijmer/article/view/8572/7272.
Rashid, M.H.-O. and Ralph, S.F. (2017) “Carbon Nanotube Membranes: Synthesis, Properties, and Future Filtration Applications,” Nanomaterials. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/nano7050099.
Schuster, L. et al. (2024) “Freshwater wetland restoration and conservation are long-term natural climate solutions,” Science of The Total Environment, 922, p. 171218. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171218.
Shomar, B. and Rovira, J. (2023) “Human health risks associated with the consumption of groundwater in the Gaza Strip,” Heliyon, 9(11), p. e21989. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21989.
Sicca, S.P. (2021) Orang-orang di Jalur Gaza Hidup dengan 97 Persen Air yang Tercemar, KOMPAS.com. Available at: https://www.kompas.com/global/read/2021/10/13/112620170/orang-orang-di-jalur-gaza-hidup-dengan-97-persen-air-yang-tercemar?page=all (Accessed: February 8, 2025).
Simonson, W.D. et al. (2021) “Enhancing climate change resilience of ecological restoration — A framework for action,” Perspectives in Ecology and Conservation, 19(3), pp. 300–310. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecon.2021.05.002.
Susanto, P.C. et al. (2024) “Qualitative Method Concepts: Literature Review, Focus Group Discussion, Ethnography and Grounded Theory,” Siber Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary, 2(2), pp. 262–275. Available at: https://research.e-siber.org/SJAM/article/download/207/137/982.
Talhami, M. and Zeitoun, M. (2020) “The impact of attacks on urban services II: Reverberating effects of damage to water and wastewater systems on infectious disease,” International Review of the Red Cross, 102(915), pp. 1293–1325. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1816383121000667.
UNICEF (no date) Water scarcity, UNICEF. Available at: https://www.unicef.org/wash/water-scarcity (Accessed: January 20, 2025).
V, A. et al. (2021) “Chapter 12 - Current physicochemical treatment technologies available for remediation of different types of heavy metals from wastewater,” in M.P. Shah, S. Rodriguez Couto, and V.B.T.-N.T. in R. of H.M. from I.W. Kumar (eds.) New Trends in Removal of Heavy Metals from Industrial Wastewater. Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp. 301–322. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-822965-1.00012-X.
Water.org (2025) The Water Crisis, Water.org. Available at: https://water.org/our-impact/water-crisis/.
Weinthal, E. et al. (2005) “The Water Crisis in the Gaza Strip: Prospects for Resolution,” National Ground Water Association, 43(5), pp. 653–660. Available at: https://sites.nicholas.duke.edu/avnervengosh/files/2011/08/Gaza_GW2.pdf.
World Bank Group (2016) High and Dry: Climate Change, Water, and the Economy, World Bank Group. Available at: https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/water/publication/high-and-dry-climate-change-water-and-the-economy (Accessed: January 20, 2025).
Artikel ini berlisensiCreative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Hak Cipta (c) 2024 Puspita Nurlilasari, Rosalinda